Urban Consolidation :: essays papers

Urban Consolidation Factors and Fallacies in Urban Consolidation: Introduction As proponents of urban consolidation and consolidated living continue to manifest in our society, we must ensure that our acknowledgment of its benefits, and the problems of its agitator (sprawl), do not hinder our caution over its continually changing objectives. Definition Like much urban policy, the potential benefits that urban consolidation and the urban village concept seek to offer are substantially undermined by ambiguous definition. This ambiguity, as expressed through a general lack of inter-governmental and inter-professional cohesion on this policy, can best be understood in terms of individual motives (AIUSH,1991). * State Government^s participatory role in the reduction of infrastructure spending. * Urban Professional^s recognition of the increased variability, robustness, and interest in both the urban area and their work. * Conservation Activist^s commendation of the lower consumption of resources, and reduced pressure on sensitive environment areas, suggestive of a reduction in urban sprawl. * The Development Industry^s equations of profit established through better and higher levels of land use. Essentially urban consolidation proposes an increase of either population or dwellings in an existing defined urban area (Roseth,1991). Furthermore, the suburban village seeks to establish this intensification within a more specific agenda, in which community is to be centred by public transport nodes, and housing choice is to be widened with increased diversity of housing type (Jackson,1998). The underlying premise of this swing towards urban regeneration, and the subsequent debate about higher-density development, is the reconsideration of the suburban ideal and the negative social and environmental implications inherent in its continuation (Johnson, 1994). In reference to this regeneration is the encouragement of greater community participation, a strengthening and broadening of urban life and culture, and a halt to physical, environmental and economic decline (Hill,1994). Myths and Misunderstanding The relative successes of practical solutions to the urban consolidation model are constrained within the assumptions underpinning them. Appropriating community desire towards a more urban lifestyle ignores the basic fact that people chose to live in the suburbs (Stretton,1975). Suburbia as an ideal, is a preference based on perpetual stability, be it though neighbourhood identity or the act of home ownership ^ a view not reflected in planning models heavily biased towards highly mobile societies. Cost benefits deemed to be provided by higher-density living, in terms of more efficient use of infrastructure, are realized primarily in the private sectors (Troy,1998). A result inconclusive to State government objectives towards reduced public spending. Traffic reduction as an expressed direct result of higher-density residential living is largely incorrect. A falsehood achieved by using density as a substitute for sociological variables such as income, household size, and lifestyle characteristics (Moriarty,1996). Traffic reduction stems primarily from a decision to drive (Engwight,1992), a

Analytical Interpretation of Snow White Essay -- Snow White Analysis E

An Analytical Interpretation of â€Å"Snow-White†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the story of Snow-White, Competition is played out in numerous ways. As the famous saying goes-only the strongest survive and to the victor go the spoils. There were a few power struggles going on even under the primary plot. This is one way to describe some of the seemingly bizarre or extreme motivations that push the story to a grisly, but happy ending.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first queen apparently dies in childbirth (but do we really know this for sure?) and is replaced with a new queen in order to re-establish the king’s dominance over his kingdom. How can his empire be complete without a queen, considering the king was now a single parent as well? His life as a widower could not last in a time when meeting the status quo was so closely tied to the validity of self. He had to have a wife if he already had a child. Quite possibly, the king was influenced by outside forces to re-marry, or simply did not want to have sole responsibility of raising Snow-White and took another wife to safe face.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The battle between Snow-White and her step-mother was demonstrated to extreme ends. It was contested from both sides. The lack of action on Show-White’s part is an action in itself. Her passivity was an act of rebellion and self-preservation. I believe that Snow-White was far more manipulative than the story gives her credit for. Regardless of the initial chaos in any situation that the girl found herself in, especially th...

History of Christianity Within the Roman Empire

History of Christianity Within the Roman Empire Religion, one of the most important and controversial topics of all times, but where exactly did it come from? What obstacle did it have to go through to be come known? Who made it known? These are a few questions that are often asked but not always answered. There are many religions known today but in this paper I will focus on only one, Christianity. I will discuss the events, hardships and some of the important people that are valuable to make up this history of this now popular religion, in a very popular place, Rome.Like almost successful thing its starts out a little rocky but finally comes out of top. Christianity was like no other religion the Roman empire had ever seen before. It challenged all its values and morals in every way possible and because of that was not a positive thing to be. Rome looked at anyone in the religion as an enemy of Rome and was a criminal who should be put to death if pronounced themselves a Christian. It all started around the year 30C. E. with one man named Jesus Christ from Galilee.When he was around 30 he spoke about a kingdom in heaven and not on Earth, conservatives called him a false profit who undermined the Jewish religion, by calling himself the son of God. Jesus went to the land to spread his simple teachings that were based upon to love God and one another, to care for each other and help those in need. The Roman saw him as revolutionary and decided to keep a close watch over him, scared that he might would cause a problem due to his such large base of followers. It wasn't long until the Sadducees, who had control over Judea where Jesus did most of his teachings, could’t take much more.The fear of Jesus and his followers turning into a revolt against them, lead the Sadducees to turn to the Romans for help to get him out and take away the threat he may propose. They ask the Romans to arrest Jesus Christ and execute him because he was committing blasphemy, saying he was the son of God and that was prohibited. Since they couldn't condemn anyone to death, they wanted the Romans to do it from them because they on the other hand could and so they did. Jesus was arrested on Holy Thursday and had he trial the next day on Friday.Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor was over his trial and even though Pilate did not agree with the Sadducees on the execution of Jesus, he still with through with it. When he announces the execution of Jesus Christ to the public he lets them know as well that this was not his order and has nothing to do with it but what he’s doing is simply carrying out what the Sadducees wanted to be done. Executing someone because of their religion couldn't be done so in order for it to be done they executed him under insurrection and labeled him enemy of the state.His death began the rise of Christianity all around the land including with in the Roman Empire. Another important person in the spread of Christianity was Saul of Tau ses, who later became Paul when he became a Christian. His played a great role in preaching the gospel, planting churches and establishing Christianity through out the land and around the Mediterranean Basin. He was naturally a Roman citizen and for a long time was against Christians helping in the prosecution of the church of God and cooperating in the killing of early Christians.Paul reached out to everyone including the Gentiles who were not of Jewish decent, trying to inform them of his new found religion and beliefs. After the end of his third missionary journey he was arrested and brought to Rome to have trial for his alleged crime. For two years he waited for his trial and during that time he preached from his home about the gospel but not too long after it was said that he was beheaded in Rome under the reign of Nero. At this time Christianity began to spread through Rome like a wild fire. The summer after the deaths of Jesus Christ and St.Paul Christianity began to become e ven more popular amongst the poorer people in Rome in 64. That year Rome had a horrible fire that lasted six days, destroying most of the city. It was rumored that the emperor of the time Nero, was to be blamed for the fire. That he did it for his own personal amusement. To take the focus and blame off of him, he placed the accusations on the Christians saying they started the fire and was to blame. This event in start of many horrific deaths of Christians, having them tortured, and treating them being killed as a sport all for the pleasure of Nero and the Roman citizens.This lasted for about the next 100 years or so and throughout this time many Christian churches were destroyed, meetings held for Christians were forbidden and those who refused to follow the rules lost their legal rights. The Romans believed that Christianity was to be disturbing a mans mind in such a way that he is really going insane and causing him to loose humanity. After years and years of Negativity and Hosti lity by the Roman empire things finally started to turn around with the emperor Constantine and his new enforced reform.Before the battle of Milvan, Constantine saw the Christian symbol and put it all over him and his armies battle gear and because they win the battle he in 313 he makes the Edict of Milan. The Edict of Milan legalized Christian worship by removing all discriminating legislation against them from the statute book and making the church to be recognized by civil authorities. Constantine officially stared the acceptance of Christianity in the Rome and even after his death the spread and acceptance of Christianity didn’t stop.Once the church obtained its freedom, it became more structured and stable within itself. Around 323 Christianity was made the official religion of Rome and by the end of the fourth century, the majority of the Roman citizens had converted over to the religion. Christianity played a huge role in Roman history and there are many more influenti al people and events that took place during this time. Although the rode for Christianity to be come accepted was long and rough, that helped make put its making history like it did. It has become one of the biggest religions known today.

Different Opinions About Elearning Education Essay

Peoples have different sentiments about vitamin E acquisition. Some people think that e-learning is advanced and it reduces the clip and distance barriers of instruction while the other group thinks that e-learning leads to feelings of isolation and defeats ( Handzic & A ; Ho-hur, 2005 ) . â€Å" E-learning can be defined as utilizing web engineerings to make, foster, deliver and facilitate acquisition, anytime and anyplace † ( Liaw, 2008 cited in Duan et.al. , 2010 ) . Due to globalization corporations have to cover with more complex and unsure state of affairss today. To last and win in this environment the administrations have to maintain up with the gait and have to be more advanced and efficient ( Handzic & A ; Ho-hur, 2005 ) . It is of import to maintain the employees up-to-date non merely in the engineering but besides with the deductions which use the engineering and output for more efficient and effectual working ( Newton & A ; Doonga, 2007 ) . Corporate e-learning can be done in the signifier of e-training. Newton ( 2007 ) & A ; Doonga ( 2007 ) define Entraining as ‘an environment in which preparation or direction in a scope of accomplishments or techniques can be developed utilizing computing machine engineering ‘ . The intent of this paper is to place the benefits & A ; restrictions of corporate e-learning to administrations. Corporate E-learning is the hereafter of the concern universe. Corporate want to salvage more and more costs by holding more corporate e-learning instead than directing their employees to different locations for acquiring the needed preparation.A Literature reappraisal & A ; Secondary Data:The literature reappraisal will discourse the assorted advantages and restrict ions of e-learning. The literature reviewed considers both qualitative and quantitative analysis in their research. The intent of the literature reappraisal is to happen spreads in the survey that has been conducted on e-learning. This includes benefits, restrictions and intent of e-learning. Following are the benefits of e-learning: 1. Technological alterations increase the speed of work environment: A â€Å" Technology has changed the manner people live, work, believe, and learn † ( Urdan & A ; Weggen 2000 ) . The work force of today has to be on their toes to acquire a contract, to accomplish marks and all the challenges that come their manner. They have to understand a batch of information in a short span of clip. The rate at which new merchandises and services are introduced in the market is excess ordinary. â€Å" As production rhythms and life spans of merchandises continue to shorten, information and preparation rapidly become disused † ( Urdan & A ; Weggen 2000 ) . The preparation directors have to present the services more expeditiously and rapidly. Training directors feel the urgency to present cognition and accomplishments more quickly and expeditiously whenever and wheresoever needed. In the age of just-in-time production, just-in-time preparation becomes a critical component to organisational success ( Urdan & A ; Weggen 2000 ) . 2. Cost Savingss: Strother mentioning Newton & A ; Doonga ( 2007 ) assesses the â€Å" effectivity of e-learning in corporate preparation plans and gives some really impressive illustrations of i ¬?nancial benei ¬?ts of corporate e-learning. She quotes that IBM ‘s reported economy of $ 200 million in 1999 through transition of their preparation bringing methods to e-learning, Ernst and Young ‘s decrease of preparation costs by 35 % gained by replacing 80 % of schoolroom direction by utilizing e-training and Rockwell Collins decrease of developing outgo of 40 % by change overing 25 % of their traditional direction to e-training † ( Newton & A ; Doonga, 2007 ) . Corporate e-learning besides saves on the traveling of the trainers which can be used as optimal usage of their skills.A 3. Accessibility & A ; Flexibility of bringing: Schriver & A ; Giles 1999 prove that one of the benefits of e-learning us the handiness and flexibleness of bringing. It is cheaper to present the undertakings through decreased chance costs and decreased clip off from work. It besides helps to make the wider constituencies, besides to the most distant areas.A A 4. Globalization of concern is ensuing in multiplex challenges: Progresss in information engineering and falling trade barriers facilitate concern around the Earth. As boundary lines become less meaningful, planetary competition intensifies. International enlargement has led to larger and more complex corporations. Today ‘s concerns have more locations in different clip zones and employ larger Numberss of workers with diverse cultural backgrounds and educational degrees than of all time. Therefore, more information has to be delivered in progressively larger organisations, disputing internal planning, logistics, and distribution. Corporations worldwide are now seeking more advanced and efficient ways to present developing to their geographically-dispersed work force ( Urdan & A ; Weggen 2000 ) .A 5. Trainees learn at their ain gait: The trainees can take their ain clip in understanding the construct and do n't hold to hotfoot. E-learning besides helps them to hold the preparation stuff in their pant whenever required. Besides it can be referred whenever needed ( Elliot & A ; Clayton, 2007 ) .A Community edifice and Interactivity ( Handzic & A ; Ho-Hur, 2005 ) : E-learning aid in community edifice and increases a batch of interactivity between the trainer and the trainee between different parts of the universe. hypertext transfer protocol: //docs.google.com/a/kgsjain.com/File? id=dhcphsf9_1fzqchrkk_b Beginning: Urdan & A ; Weggen ( 2000 ) The above pie chart shows the instruction and developing market in the US in the twelvemonth 2000. A research was conducted in province of online acquisition in U.S. higher instruction. The survey was aimed at replying some of the cardinal inquiries about the nature and extent of on-line instruction based on responses from more than 2,500 colleges and universities. The below graph indicates the growing of pupils taking at least one on-line class. Exhibit 2: Addition in on-line registration signifier 2002 to 2006 Beginning: CIPD ( 2010 ) Pollss of 110 people were conducted and were asked different inquiries associating to e-learning. The undermentioned pie charts show that what people felt about the advancement of e-learning in UK. Exhibit 3 Exhibit 4 Exhibit 5 Exhibit 6 Exhibit 7 Beginning: Allen & A ; Seaman ( 2007 ) Exhibit 4,5,6 & A ; 7 represent the per centum of replies the replies provided by the users in respects the statements on the advancement of e-learning in UK organisations.. Restrictions of e-learning: â€Å" E-learning restrictions can be categorized as technological restrictions, personal issues and design restrictions † ( Wong, 2007 ) . Technological restrictions: Wong 2007 believes that for e-learning you need to hold a computing machine or a laptop to hold entree to e-learning. Rumble ( 2000 ) cited in Wong ( 2007 ) says that e-learning comes with benefits such as limitless entree 24 hours, 7 yearss a hebdomad, this privilege does non look to be executable for some people in rural countries due to the inability to entree Internet services. The Internet incursion rate in Malaysia is merely 31.8 % ( Phang, 2004 cited in Wong, 2007 ) . Good cyberspace velocities are the basic demand and these are merely available in few topographic points and non in all. Bose 2003 cited in Wong 2007 mentioned that, while it is executable to entree to high-speed bandwidth within the university campus, it becomes a job outside the campus, where Internet installations are less sophisticated.AHandzic & A ; Ho-hur ( 2007 ) say that a batch of research workers think that e-learning lead to feelings of isolation, defeat, anxiousness and confusion.A Personal issues ( Wong 2007 ) : Lack of personal technological accomplishments can be an issue in e-learning. The new people coming and fall ining e-learning might experience clueless as they do n't hold a instructor to steer them. A Elearners have to be techno understanding. Hamid ( 2002 ) cited in Wong ( 2007 ) stated that proficient accomplishments could do defeat to e-learning pupils due to the unconventional e-learning environment and isolation from others. Dringus ( 200 ) cited in Macpherson et Al. ( 2004 ) agrees Hamid stating that e-learners may be unable to prolong their impulse unless they have right accomplishments and they are self motivated. Design Restrictions: Poor design of the e-learning courseware is a major issue for scholars and e-learning suppliers Ivergard & A ; Hunt ( 2005 ) cited in Wong ( 2007 ) . The design should be easy to understand so that the scholar has the motive to larn. Courseware design should be tailored to the demands of the scholars: it should be easy to utilize and pupils should hold easy entree to guidance and information ( Howell, Williams & A ; Lindsay 2003 ; James-Gordon, Young & A ; Bal, 2003 cited in Wong 2007 ) . The undermentioned illustration explains how China adopted E-learning with the aid of 5 influential factors ( Duan et al. , 2010 ) . Figure I A the above figure explain the structural theoretical account cardinal theoretical accounts explicating factors of e-learning. A Another illustration of corporate e-learning is taken up by Japan. The Japan e-learning market reached 1350 billion hankerings in 2004, an addition of 41.3 % from 2003 ( Schnack, 2005 ) . Traditional acquisition: Traditional acquisition is sitting in the category physically and taking lessons. The traditional schoolroom puting adds value in footings of direction lucidity. Traditional acquisition is available about every portion of the universe where instruction is available. Students and the instructors are comfy with the schoolroom environment as they have been ever used to it. Teaching in this environment is more informal ( Chen & A ; Jones, 2007 ) . Traditional schoolroom learning gives an chance to the pupils to inquire self-generated inquiries in the category. The instructor can reply to the questions of the pupil ‘s right in the category. Traditional larning gives chance to pupils to interact with other pupils and have unrecorded treatments on subjects and have different sentiments on one construct. Interaction between pupils is an of import portion of single development. Teachers use state of affairss to explicate constructs to pupils which give them a pattern to believe on the t opographic point and come up with solutions in a speedy clip ( Lunce, 2006 ) . Surveies on e-learning have identified tonss of benefits like cost nest eggs, flexibleness and handiness of bringing and community edifice and interactivity ( Newton & A ; Doonga ) . Besides there is extended research on the restrictions of e-learning. The biggest difference between the two acquisition is the bringing methods so it is really of import to make a proper research in this affair to happen the differences. Important end of this survey was to be able to do meaningful comparings between two bringing methods ( Chen & A ; Jones, 2007 ) . Concept map: Untitleddrawing.jpgMind the spread:Surveies on e-learning have identified a batch of benefits and restrictions. There is non a batch of research done on the difference between traditional room larning andA e-learning. This research will give us an thought about what do people prefers? Though there are many benefits proven but it ‘s the people who will be utilizing e-learning in twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours life, so it is really of import to take their sentiment intoA consideration. In other words we will seek to happen the user friendly of e-learning in the sentiment of the people utilizing this. This research will besides give an thought to the people be aftering to take up e-learning in future. This research should be able to warrant the benefits and restrictions of e-learning in comparing to the traditional schoolroom acquisition. Research inquiry: What do people prefer, e-learning or traditional schoolroom acquisition and why?Research Design:Methods, Methodology & A ; Data Collection: Methods are the techniques that are used to roll up and analyze the information. Methodology determines whether the execution of peculiar methods is successful or non ( Veal. The method that can be used for this will be quantitative & A ; qualitative methods. The qualitative methods will assist garnering information in deepness and will be more subjective. The quantitative research will be more nonsubjective and will be analysed more statistically. Qualitative methods Samples / Focus groups: Peoples from different administrations who use e-learning, a sample will be from administration which does non utilize e-learning, a group of pupils who use acquisition and the last group who does non. Concentrate groups can be made and asked about the benefits of e-learning and traditional acquisition. This argument will give a good cognition about the ideas of people about both the constructs. The findings from the focal point groups will assist us to fix the questionnaire for the in depth interviews. Different questionnaires will be used for different groups. As the demographics of each group will be different the inquiries have to be prepared maintaining the intent of the research in head. Questions asked to the administrations utilizing e-learning will be largely based on the benefits, restrictions and the betterments to be made in e-learning, while on the other side the non user group will be educated first about e-learning and so asked whether they will be acute to travel to e-learning. The inquiries will be based on workplace e-learning. Same technique of two different questionnaire used for two groups will be used for the pupil groups but with different set of inquiries which will be more based on e-learning school instruction. In-depth interviews: The questionnaire made with the aid of the findings of the focal point groups will be explanatory. In-depth interviews will give an penetration of the thought of people sing these constructs. The in depth interviews inquiries will be connected to each other. Quantitative methods: Surveies: Surveies will be conducted in general to acquire statistics of the figure of people interested in e-learning or traditional acquisition. The questionnaire of the study will be a mix of unfastened ended and near complete inquiries. The inquiries in this study will be more general to acquire the Numberss merely, like how many people are interested in e-learning and how many in traditional schoolroom acquisition. Datas Analysis: Data Analysis will be divided into 3 different phases: Data Decrease: The irrelevant informations will be discarded and merely the information which is necessary and related to the research subject will be kept. Datas Display: The informations will be displayed with the aid of graphs and tabular arraies as ocular graphs can give a better apprehension of the informations. Decision: The findings and the of import material of the research will be entered in the signifier of a study. These decisions are stored so that they be used for future researches every bit good.Decision:As seen through the assorted diaries and beginnings related to e-learning, it is rather obvious that the narrative is instead double. There are surveies conducted to prove the worthiness of e-journal, whether people prefer to utilize this method, but as indicated earlier, there is n't much research on comparing the traditional schoolroom method of learning with the alleged hereafter of learning – e-learning. Where corporate are required to supply cognition through interdisciplinary countries of the organisation, e-learning tends to be a cost-saving method of cognition scattering. Though this might be true, there are a batch of people who prefer human interaction, instead the traditional method of larning. Based on this, I decided that future research can be conducted to happe n out what types of industries, entities or any such constitution, therefore an increased figure of studies throughout the workspace spectrum are highly of import to happen out the penchants of people in different parts of the Earth.

Business Ethics Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Business Ethics Case Study - Essay Example Business ethics can be varied for different businesses. But it is important for a business to include good ethics. Further, the concerns of business ethics also encompass issues related to the ‘social responsibility’ of business. In this context, ethical theories and principles are relevant in terms of providing adequate insights to the managers on important matters of protecting the overall corporate environment. Ethical theories emphasize the primary objective of reaching ethically correct business decisions. In order to direct the organization to success and gain more competitive advantages, each ethical theory follows a common set of goals known as ethical principles. There are various ethical frameworks used in business that are discussed briefly in the following section. The requirement of an ethical framework is considered relevant for organizations since they are now a significant part of the society and culture. With the ongoing globalization movement in the corporate world, the concept of a multi-cultural workplace is a familiar thing for most organizations. As people from various cultures, societies, communities and working backgrounds assemble under one roof, the cases of unethical conducts, as well as other disapproved performances, are being reported on a more frequent level. The requirement of ethical frameworks is highly demanded in order to make important decisions on determining what is right and what is wrong, what is ethically acceptable or unacceptable for the employees as well as the organization. In other words, an ethical framework should be constituted on the basis of certain ethical values such as justice, responsibility, reasonableness, respect, and safety of workers. The ethical framework is effective in constructing a healthy and cooperative organizational culture.

In what ways do language and the use of language influence news Use an Essay

In what ways do language and the use of language influence news Use an example of a contemporary controversial topic to illustrate your argument - Essay Example This implies that the language employed by the journalists must enhance the understanding of the news. Among the basic objectives of journalists is to inform the public. The communication technique journalists adopt in this context is direct and simple as they use direct quotes and simple grammatical structures. Journalists deliberately minimize the use of jargons in a bid to enhance the public’s understanding of the news. As explained, language helps define the target audience, the level of technicality in language siphons particular individuals from the public who comprehend the type of language used by a media. This helps siphon the public thereby influencing the audience for each media. Different newspapers have audiences most of who identify with the type of language that the media uses in preparing its news. The combination of words that journalists use in presenting their news influences the consumption of the news contents by the audience. Among the key journalistic principles is objectivity a feature that commands that journalists provide a factual presentation of the events they cover. The selection and combination of words influences the level of objectivity in news presentation a feature that dictates that journalists consider various factors before using a word. Some words are sensational thereby portraying the either the journalist or particular media institutions as biased. Journalists strive to minimize sensationalism in news coverage as they strive to remain both objective and detailed as they present their news articles. Journalists must desist from taking sides while covering events. Language can easily portray one as biased despite the absence of such motives especially when covering such vital topics as terrorism. Currently, the missing Malaysian plane is a major international news with different groups of

R&D 5 Draft of report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

R&D 5 Draft of report - Research Paper Example By the time, a child is two years old the parents must have at least visited more than one health care (Stern AM, 2005). For this purpose, many parents suffer searching for lots of records in form of papers while taking their children for immunization. Since the introduction of Vermont Immunization Register, all vaccinations can be consolidated into one record from all health care providers. This process is also secure and accurate especially for the parents who are taking their babies for the first immunization (Bonhoeffer J, 2007). The computer system is capable of calculating ages and provides efficient data on data history for the patient undergoing immunization. The computerized immunization systems also come with an advantage of informing parents and most patients on when is the next immunization date and process (T, 2006). This information is important especially at school and at sports facilities where students engage. This information is also important for doctors who are ch ecking on patients for their fast time as it provides all he clinical history. 8 The Vermont Immunization Registry is a computer-based system that enables participating health care practices to view accurate vaccination records in a secure manner. The practitioners will be able to access immunization history of each child from their practice and other enrolled Vermont providers. The information could normally be organized into one unified record that is up-to-date (Muzumdar JM, 2009) 8 To become part of the registry, one would require internet access and a computer in the practice. The Registry is carefully designed to ensure that patients’ confidentiality is maintained, as well as that of families and the practice. Access is strictly limited to Vermont health care providers, and a secure server having multiple levels of password protection required houses the Registry. The prospective user also ought to sign a confidentiality agreement prior the