Plato s Apology And Crito - 977 Words

Throughout, the history of western civilization, religion and politics have been put together and associate with the major the historical events that have marked the history of humanity on earth. In the following written works, Plato’s apology and Crito, The gospel according to Mark and Date’s Inferno, in each of these works religion and politics are intertwined to show the impact of these in each character in each written work. Also, these written works explain how politics are affected by religion and vice versa. In Plato’s Apology and Crito, are two consecutive plays that explain how Socrates, which was considered an honored and the wisest man in all Athens by the oracle is sentenced to death by because he did not want to admit his wisdom and the importance of the Gods. In the Apology and Crito, it is seen how religion and politics are linked when Socrates is declared by the Delphic oracle the wisest man in the whole Athens because unlike other people in Athen s, he knew he did not know anything, â€Å"I am the wisest man alive, for I know one thing, and that is that I know nothing. â€Å"Socrates, Apology. Socrates beliefs in the Gods, especially Apollo, but by going against what the oracle says he faced political issues. After his declarations, Socrates is taken on a trial and he is accused of corrupting the youth and not believing what the oracle said. In his speech Socrates tries to defend himself by questioning one of his accusers, Miletus and using a series of sarcasticShow MoreRelatedPlato s Apology And Crito983 Words   |  4 Pagesevents that have marked the history of humanity on earth. In the following written works, Plato’s Apology and Crito, The Gospel According to Mark, and Dante’s Inferno, religion and politics are shown to be intertwined, which emphasizes the impact of each individual character in each written work. Also, these written works explain how politics are affected by religion and vice versa. Plato’s Apology and Crito are plays that explain how Socrates, who was considered an honored and the wisest man in allRead MorePlato s Apology And Crito976 Words   |  4 Pagesevents that have marked the history of humanity in earth. In the following written works, Plato’s apology and Crito, The gospel according to Mark and Date’s inferno, in each of these work religion and politics are intertwined to show the impact of these in each character in each written work. Also, these written works explain how politics is affected by religion and vise versa. In Plato’s Apology and Crito are two consecutive plays that explain how Socrates, which was considered an honored and the mostRead MoreAnalysis Of Plato s Apology And Crito Essay1857 Words   |  8 Pages Final Paper The word â€Å"philosophy† can be defined as someone’s theory as to how one should live their life. For Socrates, in Plato’s Apology and Crito, the concept of the human soul drives the actions in which he lives his life. His view of the purpose for one’s actions differs from that of his fellow Athenians, who viewed physical pleasures – money, status, power – as the most important objectives in life. Within his own argument to the Athenian jury against the importance of bodily pleasuresRead MoreTry to Persuade Socrates Friends to Save Him Against His Will1191 Words   |  5 PagesTry to persuade the Socrates`s friends to save him, against his will. Socrates Is one of the most colorful figures of the ancient Greek world, who the strangeness of privacy life have always been of special philosophical and political science. He was convict to death because he does not believe in God and corrupted the youth people to do the same. In Plato`s dialogue Crito, Socrates spent his last time in the prison. Crito is coming to save Socrates and have plans how toRead MoreComparison Between Crito and Apology1661 Words   |  7 PagesComparison between Crito and Apology For these two articles that we read in Crito and Apology by Plato, we could know Socrates is an enduring person with imagination, because he presents us with a mass of contradictions: Most eloquent men, yet he never wrote a word; ugliest yet most profoundly attractive; ignorant yet wise; wrongfully convicted, yet unwilling to avoid his unjust execution. Behind these conundrums is a contradiction less often explored: Socrates is at once the most Athenian, mostRead MorePlato s Life And Accomplishments874 Words   |  4 PagesPlato, a Greek philosopher, was born in Athens, in 428 B.C. under the name Aristoles. In his youth, he was a wrestler, that’s how he got the name ‘Plato’, that was his ring name. Plato means broad or flat, his shoulder were broad and his forehead was flat. He won a few trophies for wrestling but never made it to the Olympics at Olympia. He later change more toward the arts, and he wrote plays, and poetry, but in never won in any of his writin g competitions. â€Å"Having failed to win an Olympic goldRead MoreCritism in Plato2608 Words   |  11 Pagesthe Republic, Plato claims that only a very few individuals are capable of understanding how human life is to be lived. If it could be done, the rest of us would be best off it we were to let out lives be controlled by such individuals. This position held by Plato has been one of much discussion and disagreement over the years. In this paper I will attempt to give my own insight and stand on Plato s position and will evaluate his position as it emerges throughout the Apology, the Crito and the RepublicRead MoreSocrates World Views1549 Words   |  7 Pagesof this paper is to discern and construct the world views of Socrates through the various readings, lectures and videos that we have seen in class. Some of these sources include: Socrates by G. Rudebusch; excerpts from The Last Days of Socrates by Plato; and The Allegory of a Cave. Of the nine world views covered in cla ss, I will delve into my interpretation of four of them as seen through the various sources that we have been exposed to in class. These four world views will include Death, ConditionRead MoreSocrates Sides with Creon or a1379 Words   |  6 PagesSocrates#8217; Sides With? Through my reading of Plato#8217;s Apology of Socrates and Crito, I have been able to see how Socrates makes important decisions and what he primarily bases his decisions on. As a individual person we have individual morals which lead us to our own moral or immoral decisions. Sometimes are own morals or beliefs might oppose the views of the state or the enforced law that clams to find justice. In this case we rely on our own beliefs that may be through passedRead MoreEssay on Socrates Fight for Justice1101 Words   |  5 PagesPlato’s works Apology and Crito there is an attempt by Socrates to defend himself in court and defend his choice to receive the death penalty when found guilty. Although he makes very valid and strong arguments throughout one can only wonder why such a wise person would choose death over life. The following essay will analyze three quotes from Apology and Crito, find the correlation between them, and reveal any flaws that may exsist inside these ar guments made by Socrates. In Plato’s Apology Socrates

School Uniforms Persuasive Essay - 1069 Words

Today, many schools around the world enforce uniforms, requiring students to wear specific clothing. School uniforms, which was first established in 16th century England, are a topic of much debate in the public school system of the United States. Many people feel that uniforms reduce competition among students and bring a sense of unity in school. People who are against school uniforms think that they prevent students from expressing themselves and inhibits creativity. Many students dislike school uniforms because uniforms can be viewed as a violation of their rights, while others benefit from uniforms because it relieves the stress of picking what to wear to school. Although school uniforms do have its benefits, they also limit†¦show more content†¦It is a belief that school uniforms teach students to respect their learning environment and behave themselves, and, therefore improving discipline. However, that assumption isn’t entirely correct. Researchers have actual ly found that school uniforms don’t make students better behaved. According to a study of more than 4,500 students, those who wore a school uniform did not have fewer behavior problems or better attendance. Forcing students to wear uniforms lead to more problems and misbehavior instead of encouraging discipline. Students could get into trouble if they did not wear their uniforms correctly. Many kids in today’s society cannot stand the thought of someone telling them what to do, especially what to wear. Instead of encouraging respect, uniforms may cause rebellions. For example, in 2009, a group of students at John A. Ferguson Senior High School rebelled against their school uniforms. Instead of following their school uniform requirements, the students wore what they thought would be a better school uniform to school. Not only uniforms don’t earn schools the respect from its students, but it may also lead to more problems. Some critics say that school uniforms inc rease the amount of clothing that parents have to buy for their children, meaning that they would have to spend more money. Students wouldn’t wear their uniforms outside of school, so parents would have to buy casual clothing for their child to wear outside of school.Show MoreRelatedSchool Uniforms Persuasive Essay1001 Words   |  5 PagesMake a Difference? If schools could automatically have more safety, a stronger sense of unity within students, and higher self esteem for every individual student at a minimal cost without transgressing any laws, or stepping over students rights it is doubtful that many would turn up their nose to all of these things. There is no difference between this situation and the benefits that school dress codes would provide. While the majority of public schools do not require uniforms, the ones that do reportRead MorePersuasive Essay On School Uniforms979 Words   |  4 PagesThe age old argument of whether or not uniforms and dress codes should be enforced in schools seems to never conclude. The issue of appropriate clothing in schools is controversial and provoking. Many argue that abolishing a student’s choice in their attire violates their freedom of expression. Students use what they wear to express themselves; their clothing gives them a sense of a unique style and identity. Others argue that pe rmitting students to wear whatever clothing they like can create unnecessaryRead MoreSchool Uniforms Persuasive Essay1127 Words   |  5 PagesAssociation (2016), an estimated 160,000 students missed school every day due to a fear of violence and harassment from their peers. Students at many schools, including my own, have become more divided. This division has resulted in bullying especially towards students that stand out from the crowd with the way they look and dress. Along with continuing the anti-bullying programs already in place, public schools should implement a school uniform in order to reduce divisions among students, which shouldRead MorePersuasive Essay On School Uniforms1422 Words   |  6 PagesCatholic elementary school, middle school, and high school. I found it easier to attend and focus on school when wearing the same clothes as everyone else. Today, tiny southern towns even to the nations largest cities, public school uniforms have become so common this year t hat in many areas, they are no longer the exception, but the rule (Lewin â€Å"Dress for Success: Public School Uniforms†). Imagine a parent’s comfort in knowing their child was being treated as an equal at school each and every dayRead MorePersuasive Essay On School Uniforms717 Words   |  3 Pages The idea of school uniforms has been a vital point within school districts for a long time now. As a parent with two kids within the school system, it is a popular trend amongst schools as both my children’s schools require for their student to wear uniform. However, more recently, students as well as parents are beginning to disagree with the enforcement with school uniforms as they believe uniforms are possibly taking away the right of self-expression for students. Although this is a valid complaintRead MorePersuasive Essay On School Uniforms723 Words   |  3 Pagesmandatory for students to wear uniforms, they have evidently been misled. Uniforms kill individua lity and creativity, are too expensive for some, and can lower both self-esteem and performance of students in school. Many critics are bringing to light the crisis of dropping individuality and creativity; we cannot afford let it plummet any further. School uniforms destroy diversity and kill courage, on top of preventing individual student expression. In addition, school uniforms provide an almost jail likeRead MoreSchool Uniforms Persuasive Essay1470 Words   |  6 PagesBenefits of Uniform Adoption in Public Schools Ever wonder what it would look like to have all students wearing the same white polo shirt, black pants, and a district sweater walking in the hallway? Nowadays, public school and many districts are discussing the possibilities of enforcing the uniform policy. In most places, many private schools already require students to have their mandatory uniforms; however, there are only a few public schools adopting this mandatory school-uniform policesRead MorePersuasive Essay On School Uniforms1671 Words   |  7 Pages Hari Mainali South University School Uniform â€Æ' Abstract Freedom of dress is violated by restricting on school uniform. A school and university have their own dress code which does not require a particular dress. Some researcher and scholar suggest misbehavior in the student are the result of banning uniform. But misbehavior is what they acquired in their life. Banning uniform, student can exercise their right to express themselves freely. Student will be able to focus on education and saveRead MoreSchool uniform persuasive essay2016 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿ School Uniforms: Agree or not? Uniforms are globally used at schools around the world, especially schools in Asia. In Asia, the policy of wearing uniform enforces strongly during school hours and whenever at schools. The policy is enforced because schools want to teach discipline to their students and prevent unanticipated troubles at school. The policy of school uniforms is not completely implemented in the United States, especially public schools. According to the US Department of Education,Read MorePersuasive Essay On School Uniforms1889 Words   |  8 Pagesfor all schools to implement school uniforms in the classroom for all students. Schools everywhere across the America are changing their policies due to changes of their dress code. Whether it be due to vulgar language, inappropriate content, or the same outfit for all students, this is becoming more popular across America. In a recent study done by Statistic Brain it has shown that twenty three percent of countries across of America have implemented a pol icy that requires school uniforms. The school

A Reaction Paper to Pablo Picasso’s Guernica Free Essays

What would be the best way to express an outcry against war? How could one influence another, a crowd, or even the world? During the Spanish Civil War in 1937, the Basque town of Guernica was bombarded by the German Air Force, which led to the deaths of hundreds of innocent people. In response to this, Spanish-painter Pablo Picasso expressed his outrage with a mural-sized painting entitled Guernica, his memorial to the brutal massacre, which has since become the twentieth century’s most powerful indictment against war, a painting that still feels intensely relevant today. Confusing and chaotic; those were the words to describe the painting at first glance. We will write a custom essay sample on A Reaction Paper to Pablo Picasso’s Guernica or any similar topic only for you Order Now I was thrown into the midst of seeing everything in a state of instability. Every nook and cranny screams the word death. On the far left is a woman, head back, screaming in pain and grief, holding the lifeless body of her dead child. This is one of the most devastating and unforgettable images in the painting. To her right is the head and partial body of a large white bull, the only unharmed and calm figure amidst the chaos. Beneath her, a dead or wounded man with a severed arm and mutilated hand clutches a broken sword. Only his head and arms are visible; the rest of his body is obscured by the overlapping and scattered parts of other figures. In the center stands a terrified horse, mouth open screaming in pain, its side pierced by a spear. On the right are three more women. One rushes in, looking up at the stark light bulb at the top of the scene. Another leans out of the window of a burning house, her long extended arm holding a lamp, while the third woman appears trapped in the burning building, screaming in fear and horror. All their faces are distorted in agony. Eyes are dislocated, mouths are open, tongues are shaped like daggers. The space is little to none, compacted and ambiguous with various perspectives and multiple viewpoints characteristic of Picasso’s earlier Cubist style. Images overlap and intersect, obscuring forms and making it hard to distinguish their boundaries. Bodies are distorted and semi-abstracted, the forms discontinuous and fragmentary. Everything seems jumbled together, while sharp angular lines seem to pierce and splinter the dismembered bodies. However, there is in fact an overriding visual order. Picasso balances the composition by organizing the figures into three vertical groupings moving left to right, while the center figures are stabilized within a large triangle of light. Picasso chose to paint Guernica in a stark monochromatic palette of gray, black and white. This may reflect his initial encounter with the original newspaper reports and photographs in black and white; or perhaps it suggested to Picasso the objective factuality of an eye witness report. A documentary quality is further emphasized by the textured pattern in the center of the painting that creates the illusion of newsprint. The sharp alternation of black and white contrasts across the painting surface also creates dramatic intensity, a visual kinetic energy of jagged movement. In the end, the painting does not appear to have one exclusive meaning. Perhaps it is that very ambiguity, the lack of historical specificity, or the fact that brutal wars continue to be fought, that keeps Guernica as timeless and universally relatable today as it was in 1937. How to cite A Reaction Paper to Pablo Picasso’s Guernica, Papers

Thinking Skills and Problem Solving

Question: Discuss about the Thinking Skills and Problem Solving. Answer: Introduction: The idea of critical thinking can be identified as the ability to think clearly and rationally about the ways to dealing with a particular problem situation. The purpose of the critical thinking is mainly the exploration of the most logical approach to address a particular problem, depending on the resource and knowledge base (Kong Dong, 2013). Critical thinking requires evaluation and improvement of the established thought process and creates a logical solution for a situational problem. As discussed by Jackson (2015), by identifying the causes of the situational contingencies, the critical thinking process helps in eliminating those causes and thus resolves the issues. It can be identified as the most important skill for job success. As mentioned by McPeck (2016), in the modern workplaces which is continuously becoming complex combined with competition and threat of recession, it is important for the employees to opt for critical thinking to eliminating the issues like work relate d stress and disrupted work life balance. One of the major frameworks for critical thinking is the Cause and Effect diagram. By identifying the factors related to the set units of this diagram, one can identify all the influential factors of a certain problem situation. As mentioned by Wong, Woo, Woo (2016), the cause and effect diagram helps in recognising all inclusive picture of a certain problem. Here, in the context of this essay, disrupted work life balance has been identified as a problem situation in Malaysia. The idea of work life balance can be identified as the division of ones time and concentration between his professional and the familial life. As mentioned by Babatunde (2013), the lack of personal time and space and increased work load is continuously creating stress among the employees. The issues of work related stresses trigger a number of psychological distresses among the employees. Now, for the successful completion of this essay, the author has used the Cause and Effect diagram for identifying the influential factors those are creating work life stress and disrupting the work life balance. After that the author has provided five relevant recommendations to eliminate the ceases of disrupted work life balance and obtain a relaxing and satisfactory professional filed to the employees of Malaysia. Discussion: Causes: In the modern world of globalization, the professional world is continuously becoming a place of steep competition. It is creating stress among the employees which is decreasing their motivation, health status and in turn jeopardising the potentiality of the economy to grow further. As mentioned by Jamadin et al. (2015), in the Malaysian context, a number of employees are facing the issue of work related stress which is influencing their personal life and impacting their productivity in the professional sector negatively. Hence, maintaining a work life balance is important for both the personal and professional level. As discussed by Dollard et al. (2014), the idea of work life balance can be identified as the perception of employees on work, personal and family time that are maintained and integrated with a minimum of role conflict. However, in the Malaysian context, the mental health problems are affecting the youth to a great extent. As per the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) conducted by the national government of Malaysia the incidence of mental health problem among the age group of twenty to twenty four is more than 32.1 per cent (Mohan Suppareakchaisakul, 2014). However, the major cause of disrupting the work life balance can include a great range of professional, psychological and other issues. As mentioned by Haar et al. (2014), the workplace condition highly influences the state of occupational stress and disrupted work life balance. An adverse workplace condition can include the issues like unrealistic workload. As mentioned by Agarwal (2014), work overload is likely to happen in the cases when the employees are burdened with tasks those are beyond their capabilities. As opined by Shagvaliyeva and Yazdanifard (2014), the issues like, pressure to meet the work demand, lack of realistic deadlines, poor work design, lack of desired knowledge among the workers can be identified as some of the major reasons of work related stress and disruptive work life balance. The cause and effect diagram on the selected strategies: As mentioned by Ennis (2015), the critical thinking techniques largely involve the identification of the root causes behind an issue and suggest ways to resolve them. Here, the cause and effect diagram can be utilized successfully for inclusive identification of the causes or the remedies to collect a certain effect (Wong, Woo Woo, 2016). As discussed by Stefanovic et al. (2014), the cause and effect diagram or the Ishikawa diagram was invented by Kaoru Ishikawa for identifying the causes those are typically influential in creating a certain problem situation. As described by Bowell and Kemp (2014), the causes are usually grouped into five categories to identify these sources of variations. These include: People: the individuals related to the process. Methods: the policies, rules and regulations related to it. Machines: the tools used in the process Materials: the raw materials used Measurements: data generated and used for evaluation Environments: time, temperature, culture etc. Now, depending on this framework, the issues of workplace related stresses can be critically analysed. The people: as discussed earlier, the people related to a competitive workplace often are responsible for their disruptive work life balance. The individuals often strive for perfection and a greater level of material achievement. This drives them to provide an amplified attention towards their professional lives and ignore the importance of the family life or personal space. On the other hand, the lack of personal competency can make the people face increased workload, and issues with time management (Belwal Belwal, 2014). Thus, it can disrupt the work life balance of the Malaysian employees. The methods: As opined by Ibrahim (2015), in Malaysia the companies are now experiencing substantive growth. Hence, most of them are ignoring the importance of employee relaxation during the working hours and beyond. Hence, they are typically following the policy of overtime and massive work load in short deadlines. Moreover, not a many company follows the strategy of providing required level of trainings to their employees (Devi Kiran, 2014). This inefficient human resource policy is creating a range of inefficient and de-motivated employees who are assigned with a bulk of professional responsibilities. Thus the methods are influencing the increasing cases of disrupted work life balance of the Malaysian professionals. Moreover, the issues like harsh management, low salary, lack of welfare services are also influential in creating work related stress and subsequent disrupted work life balance. Machines: The usage of computer is often being accused for the occupational stress among the employees. As mentioned by Kumarasamy et al. (2015), the continuous changes in the technological world compel the employees to repeatedly struggling to adapt to it. Moreover, the lack of technical knowledge creates a threat of structural unemployment among the employees. Thus, the machines used in the modern professional world is creating work stress and disrupting the psychological serenity of the employees. Materials: In the context of this non-communicable disease, the raw materials used in the professional sectors cannot essentially be identified as the influencing factors. However, as discussed by Rubel and Kee (2014), the materials like mobile phones used in the workplaces are most likely to disrupt the work life balance of the employees. In modern companies, the employees are provided with separate numbers in which they have to be available round the clock. It distrusts the right of personal time of the employees and they become vulnerable to the work related concerns even in holidays. Thus, the materials used in the workplaces are engulfing the time of the employees which is making them vulnerable to the occupational stress. Figure 1: Cause and Effect Diagram for disrupted work life balance (Source: Created by the author) Measurement: As mentioned by Kalliath and Kalliath (2014), the workplace monitoring and the policy of performance appraisal in largely influential in creating occupational stress among the employees. In the Malaysian context, not a may company possesses a fair and encouraging appraisal system. As discussed by Achour et al. (2015), the lack of 360 degree feedback system creates a biased or inconclusive performance monitoring pattern. On the other hand, as identified by Dhanda (2017), the KPIs set by the management often ignores the practical and on site challenges those the employees face in meeting an occupational target. Hence, a KPI set by the management without a consultation with the employees, often become impractical to achieve in the given time frame. Thus, a faulty performance measurement system can create stress among the employees. As discussed by Gamor, Amissah and Boakye (2014), the tension of failing the deadline, being reproached by the management for the performance fa ilure, Environment: The idea of environment in identifying the causes of occupational stress can entail a number of issues like culture within the organization, the global or national value base, the timing of work and the leadership and communication pattern within the organization (Agarwal, 2014). Here, in the context of Malaysia, the country is experiencing a significant level of economic boom (Mohan Suppareakchaisakul, 2014). With the integration to the world economy, the country is continuously adopting the philosophy of consumerism. As described by Ibrahim (2015), it has a two faced implication upon the Malaysian society. The consumerist value is increasing the urge of material gain among the individuals and thus it is directing the economy to increased growth level. However, this particular trend it being responsible for increased occupational stress among the employees. They are concentrating on the professional growth and the personal life is being disordered consequently. On the other hand, as mentioned by Juster et al. (2013), the organizational environment is also influential in creating work related stresses among the employees. An organization that follows an autocratic leadership, the employees are not allowed to raise their concerns which promote an ineffective communication channel. As mentioned by Mohan and Suppareakchaisakul (2014), this detrimental organizational environment is largely responsible in creating occupational stress. Thus, the issue of occupational stress is continuously being influenced by a number of factors in Malaysia. Now, for eliminating these issues the following recommendations can be utilized. Steps needed to be taken by the employees: As discussed by Kumarasamy et al. (2015), in the competitive world of domestic and international businesses, achieving a work life balance is challenge but necessity. In the Malaysian context, the issue of work related stress is impacting the psychological status of the employees to a great level, which is continuously decreasing the productivity of the workers (Mohan Suppareakchaisakul, 2014). As mentioned by Agarwal (2014), a disruptive work life balance is more likely to create dissatisfaction with the work, lack of motivation and severely damaged quality of work. It is largely connected to the psychological satisfaction of the employees. Hence, the employees also need to concentrate on the critical thinking processes to identify the strategies to obtain an effective work life balance. For obtaining work life balance, the major responsibility needs to be taken by the employee himself. As mentioned by Kalliath and Kalliath (2014), it is the duty of an individual to be able to divide his time for work and family. Hence, after the completion of the working hour, the employees must not entertain any job related queries. From the employers end, the companies should have a policy of not engaging the employees into the work responsibilities or such other requirements after the schedule hour. An uninterrupted personal time provides a mental relaxation. The companies need to understand the importance of this psychological disengagement from the employees end. As mentioned by Kumarasamy et al. (2015), the companies which are prone to call an employee or assign tasks when he is with his family faces the issues like employee dissatisfaction and high turnover rate. Hence, it is important to the employees to leave the work at office and enjoy an undivided personal time after wor k. Moreover, the employees need to take initiative for improving his professional competencies. With the strategies like occupational trainings, task planning, time management strategies etc. they can manage the work load and obtain a work life balance. Steps related to the method: As mentioned by Mohan and Suppareakchaisakul (2014), in the Malaysian context, two thirds or 67 per cent of workers in Malaysia will consider a career that can strike a balance between life and career more attractive than a fatter pay check. Hence, the employers must concentrate on creating strategies or policies which would be helpful in achieving a work life balance for the employees. Flexibility in the working pattern helps the employees in finding a relaxation even during the working hours. As mentioned by Shagvaliyeva and Yazdanifard (2014), a flexible work environment can include a number of strategies like relaxed dress code, flexible working works, the facility of working from home or the places of the workers preferences and many others can create a sense of satisfaction with the work which positively stimulates the employees psyche and motivate him to provide better quality of service or production. As mentioned by Agarwal (2014), opting for the facility of working from home will be helpful for the employees to strike a good level of work life balance. The major criteria of achieving the work life balance is satisfactorily dividing the time and focus of the employee between the job responsibility and his or her familial life. As discussed by Kalliath and Kalliath (2014), flexibility in the working site provides a scope to the employee to manage his responsibilities according to his preference and availability of time. It can provide an effective work life balance. Moreover, the companies must have leave policies or on site facilities to perform the familial responsibilities like maternal leave, crche for the children etc. Thus, the employees will be able to divide their attention between their families and job responsibilities. As mentioned by Haar et al. (2014), for maintaining employee satisfaction and provide them a significant work life balance, the companies can opt for providing yearly vacations with the family or friends to its employees. A number of internationally successful companies opt for this particular strategy to provide a quality time to their employees with their families. As mentioned by Kumarasamy et al. (2015), it creates a sense of value and commitment among the employees which increases the quality of their production. Steps related to the machines and materials: In the modern competitive world, the professional world is continuously engulfing the time and concentration of the employees. With the increase in the professional competition, a mass craving for materialistic achievements and the integration of the world economy to the global financial world, people are continuously losing their time for the families and themselves. In such a context, the employees need to avoid the usage of the machines like computer, or entertain the job related quarries over mobile phone after the working hour. As discussed by Agarwal (2014), the digital screens are snatching away our precious time which our friends and family deserves. It is important for the individuals to socialize in the world surrounding him which can provide him psychological relaxation and directs them to find a work life balance. The companies also promote this practice by making it compulsory to return the workplace appliances before going home, or providing special facilities to those employees who are being available 24*7 for the company (like one weekly leave or special vacation). Steps related to measurement: As mentioned by Kalliath and Kalliath (2014), employees often find the performance measurement policy as a stress creating factor in their occupational lives. The set KPIs by the management, often compels them work in a pressurised situation to obtain the performance goal. Moreover, as discussed by the expectancy theory of Agarwal (2014), the organizations needs to create an expectation among the employees to obtain a higher position. It drives the companies to set the performance measurement criteria. However, the competition and the comparison with the colleagues may create frustrations among the employees. Hence, it is important for the companies to opt for a performance evaluation system which includes the opinion of the employees. As mentioned by Kumarasamy et al. (2015), the KPIs set by the employees is more likely to be attended by the performers and it creates an inner drive among the employees with less stress to achieve the performance goals. Moreover, the management needs to refrain from reproaching an employee in the case of failure to attend the performance targets. Rather, it would be recommended to send the employees to occupational training sessions. Steps related to environment: The companies need to promote a participative leadership strategy that reduces the employee stress. The management which is open to the opinions and ideas of the employees create organizational policies those are employee oriented (Kumarasamy et al., 2015). Moreover, an open communication channel helps the companies to raise their concerns regarding the job which helps the companies to address the issues with pragmatic steps and provide a less stressful work environment to trhe employees. Thus a relaxing and approachable work life creates psychological satisfaction among the employees, which ensures a better work life balance. On the other hand, to encounter the consumerist values, the companies need to encourage their employees with intangible awards for better performance. Here, the company can provide long holidays or celebrating a family day where the employees will be provided sponsored trips and activities with the family members (Haar et al., 2014). Conclusion: Hence, from the above discussion, it can be concluded that the critical thinking process can provide an all inclusive idea about a certain problem situation. In the Malaysian context, the country is now at the stage of experiencing a good level of economic success which is directing the company to achieve the place of a developed economy. With the increased economic opportunity and a cutthroat competitive financial circumstance, the country is facing an increased number of reported cases of psychological issues among the working youths. The cause and effect diagram has revealed that factors like employee incompetency, the organizational policies, excessive use of mobile and computers, faulty performance evaluation system, leadership, organizational communication and the national value base are some of the causes of this disrupted work life balance,. Hence, the author has recommended a number of steps like employee training, flexible work environment, leave policy etc. for increasing the family involvement of the employees. References: Achour, M., Grine, F., Nor, M. R. M., MohdYusoff, M. Y. Z. (2015). Measuring religiosity and its effects on personal well-being: a case study of Muslim female academicians in Malaysia. Journal of religion and health, 54(3), 984-997. Agarwal, P. (2014). A Study of Work Life Balance with Special Reference to Indian Call Center Employees. International Journal of Engineering and Management Research, 4(1), 157-164. Babatunde, A. (2013). Occupational Stress: A review on Conceptualisations, causes and Cure. Economic InsightsTrends and Challenges, 2(3), 73-80. Belwal, S., Belwal, R. (2014). Work-life balance, family-friendly policies and quality of work life issues: studying employers' perspectives of working women in Oman. Journal of International Women's Studies, 15(1), 96. Bowell, T., Kemp, G. (2014). Critical thinking: A concise guide. Routledge. Devi, K. A. L. P. A. N. A., Kiran, U. V. (2014). Work life balance of women workers in construction industry. European academic research, 2(4), 4932-4946. Dhanda, K. (2017). A Review On Job Stress: Concept, Causes And Remedy. Global Journal For Research Analysis, 5(11). Dollard, M. F., Shimazu, A., Nordin, R. B., Brough, P., Tuckey, M. R. (Eds.). (2014). Psychosocial factors at work in the Asia Pacific (pp. 3-26). Springer. Ennis, R. H. (2015). Critical thinking: A streamlined conception. In The Palgrave handbook of critical thinking in higher education (pp. 31-47). Palgrave Macmillan US. Gamor, E., Amissah, E. F., Boakye, K. A. A. (2014). Workfamily conflict among hotel employees in Sekondi-Takoradi Metropolis, Ghana. Tourism Management Perspectives, 12, 1-8. Haar, J. M., Russo, M., Sue, A., Ollier-Malaterre, A. (2014). Outcomes of worklife balance on job satisfaction, life satisfaction and mental health: A study across seven cultures. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85(3), 361-373. Ibrahim, D. (2015). An Overview of Work-Life Management Practices from Malaysian Perspective. International Business Management, 9(4), 10. Jackson, S. L. (2015). Research methods and statistics: A critical thinking approach. Cengage Learning. Jamadin, N., Mohamad, S., Syarkawi, Z., Noordin, F. (2015). Work-family conflict and stress: evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 3(2), 309-312. Juster, R. P., Moskowitz, D. S., Lavoie, J., DAntono, B. (2013). Sex-specific interaction effects of age, occupational status, and workplace stress on psychiatric symptoms and allostatic load among healthy Montreal workers. Stress, 16(6), 616-629. Kalliath, P., Kalliath, T. (2014). Workfamily conflict: Coping strategies adopted by social workers. Journal of Social Work Practice, 28(1), 111-126. Kong, L. Y., Dong, P. (2013). Empirical Research on Goal Oriented Inventory Management Optimization Based on Cause-and-effect Diagram. Modular Machine Tool Automatic Manufacturing Technique, 8, 040. Kumarasamy, M. A. M., Pangil, F., Isa, M. F. M. (2015). Individual, Organizational and Environmental Factors Affecting Work-Life Balance. Asian Social Science, 11(25), 111. McPeck, J. E. (2016). Teaching critical thinking: Dialogue and dialectic. Routledge. Mohan, K. P., Suppareakchaisakul, N. (2014). Psychosocial correlates of the quality of work life among university teachers in Thailand and Malaysia. International Journal of Behavioral Science, 9(2), 1-16. Rubel, M. R. B., Kee, D. M. H. (2014). Quality of work life and employee performance: Antecedent and outcome of job satisfaction in Partial Least Square (PLS). World Applied Sciences Journal, 31(4), 456-467. Shagvaliyeva, S., Yazdanifard, R. (2014). Impact of flexible working hours on work-life balance. American Journal of Industrial and Business Management, 2014. Stefanovic, S., Kiss, I., Stanojevic, D., Janjic, N. (2014). ANALYSIS OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF CUTTING LOGS USING ISHIKAWA DIAGRAM. Acta Technica Corviniensis-Bulletin of Engineering, 7(4), 93. Wong, K. C., Woo, K. Z., Woo, K. H. (2016). Ishikawa Diagram. In Quality Improvement in Behavioral Health (pp. 119-132). Springer International Publishing.

Thomas Jeffersons Notes on the State of Virginia

Thomas Jefferson was a truly important figure in our nation’s history. He was one of our Founding Fathers, an author of the Declaration of Independence, the third president of United States, and a famous abolitionist. Although he was mostly known as an important leader of his country, he was also considered an active abolitionist.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Thomas Jefferson’s Notes on the State of Virginia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During his presidency, his decisions had a profound impact on our nation’s political philosophy. Even though Thomas Jefferson was not a popular political leader during his time and was considered a radical figure, his opinion on slavery was widely accepted by many European countries. Thanks to Jefferson’s agreements with European countries, he was able to stop the importation of slaves to America. Furthermore, Thomas Jefferson helped to establish Liberia in order to relocate African Americans to Africa. In this essay, I will use Notes on the State of Virginia to interpret and explore the political views and philosophy he used to create the republican form of government, as well as his radical opinion that slavery should be abolished in the United States. From the beginning of his presidency until his death in 1809, his leadership of America had a dramatic impact on our political and social structure. Thomas Jefferson’s legacy began at the dawn of the Revolutionary War. He was already a well-known figure who vigorously attack the British rule in America. In his main argument, Jefferson states â€Å"many of the laws which were in force during the monarchy being relative merely to that form of government, or inculcating principles inconsistent with republicanism.†(Jefferson 264) Instead, he supports the idea that people needed to have the power to control their own government, and opportunity to express their own opinion about their government. Furthermore, he felt that England’s Parliament was the legislature of Great Britain only, and had no legislative authority in America. After the Revolutionary War, Jefferson continued to spread his ideology in the creation of our government. He thought that the people should not rely on their government because the government is the representative of the people. In his mind, this was the way to create a true form of republican government, in which the people and their government are intertwined (Borden 103). When Jefferson became the third president of the United States during extremely partisan government and an unstable economy, this philosophy became widely popular and it was labeled Jeffersonian.Advertising Looking for essay on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In 1801, Jefferson published his only full-length book: Notes on the State of Virginia (Onuf 65). This work describ es Jefferson’s view on how to create a good government and a perfectly balanced society. He expresses the importance of the need for government reform. At the time of its publication, this work was significant for several reasons: first, the idea of reforming the government relied on the people, rather than the people relying on the government. The second reason was the idea of creating a society where all races could be equal. The last reason was the idea of creating a national education system that could teach the people how to protect and defend their individual rights (Borden 79). These three issues were considered extremely radical at that time, and no other institutions or countries had ever promoted them. Unlike the moral sense doctrine, Jefferson felt that the only way to secure a republic was to first secure individual rights. Although Jefferson had borrowed this idea from Locke, his idea was very different. The first difference was that Jefferson started with a more amiable view of human nature where one’s self-interest and moral duty are brought into closer alignment through the operation of an innate moral sense. The second difference was that Jefferson rejected Locke’s hierarchy of the passions, which elevated one’s desire for comfortable self-preservation as the single source of individual rights. Jefferson concluded that pride and desire for self-government could also serve as a source for an individual’s right to be liberty. The third difference was that Jefferson’s view on individual rights was not based on human selfishness, but the will to pursue happiness. (Braman 90) In other words to summarize these ideas is that one’s desire to do good unto others, therefore people are motivated to do good things. These changes had a dramatic impact on our present government, such that they created the government’s role in our society, which is to reinforce society’s moral sense. In return, t he people developed the pursuit of happiness and shouldered their moral obligation to run the government properly. (Braman 43) Therefore, it was vital for the government to educate its citizens and reinforce our moral senses to stabilize the society. The core of this philosophy and the changes it enacted created a Republican government that was a more positive form of government than classical liberalism. As Jefferson tried to emphasize individual rights, he never forgot to address the importance of government to society. He argued that if a person chose to live in a society he or she must also agree to give up some of his or her rights. Without a civilization to enforce the equal rights of those who are physically weaker, natural societies tend to slide into barbarism. During the late 1790s, Jefferson’s administration took strong steps to shape our education system purpose the creation of public universities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Thomas Jeff erson’s Notes on the State of Virginia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since his main argument for the role of the government was to lead, he strongly believed in creating a national education system directed by the government because he felt that education was the key to resolving social injustices and creating an efficient way to balance the government and individual rights. Another main argument found in his writing was his promotion of an agrarian economy, which was unique at this time. He based his continual insistence that a republic of farmers and agriculture was morally superior on the teachings of Aristotle, who had emphasized that a farmer’s purpose was just as important as an elite’s purpose, and that purpose for farmers is productivity which help to stable not just the economy but also the social structure. In this book, Jefferson addressed this problem by suggesting that specialization of labor and i ncreased economic flow come leads to problems such as social gap between the poor and the rich, which can cause social chaos. (Onuf 85) From this one is able to conclude that Jefferson advocated a non-commercial, self-sufficient agrarian economy populated with farmers. Under his encouragement, the threshing machine was invented, new breeds of sheep were successfully introduced, and soil conservation through crop rotation was advocated. Another main issue was slavery. In this book, he stated that the United States was trapped by a system inherited from the Old World and could do little to change. In his original draft of the Declaration of Independence, he inserted a clause condemning the Atlantic slave trade and blaming George III for his support of it. For Jefferson, the very purpose of creating a Republican form of government was to ensure human equality, but slavery was clearly a violation of naturally equal human rights. Throughout his political career, Jefferson never abandoned this belief and he think that the only resolution of the problem would involve educating both masters and slaves. (Cogliano 78) Jefferson frequently mentions that his idea to abolish slavery not only needed to be reinforced by the government through use of force, but also that it was equally important to find an alternative way for people to abandon their old beliefs by educating them. When Jefferson became the third president of the United States, he immediately passed a law that outlawed the further importation of slaves to the United States, which was the first step towards abolishing slavery in US history. He further outlawed any slavery in the West and established freeman guarantees policy to those states. (Onuf 190)Advertising Looking for essay on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Jefferson, although slavery was unjust, when emancipation came at some date in the future, slaves and their descendants should not remain in the United States. In Jefferson’s mind, emancipation must be accompanied by the removal of former slaves from the country, and which he provided the answer by creating the nation of Liberia as a destination for the former slaves. (Cogliano 80) In his book, Jefferson did draw a clear visible line of race, where he felt that whites are somewhat superior to the blacks. He states â€Å"that the blacks, whether originally a distinct race, or made distinct by time and circumstances, are inferior to the whites in the endowments both of body and mind. It is not against experience to suppose, that different species of the same genus, or varieties of the same species, may possess different qualifications.† (Jefferson 270) This explains his belief that Blacks are inferior not because of their body chemistry or life experiences, they are inferior because nature created a difference that made them disadvantageous to Whites. This can be seen as Jefferson’s belief that differences can cause inequality not because of nature but by Men. But we need to understand that his belief in creating a stable economy by promoting agriculture was deeply influence by this decision. It will be reasonable to think his first priority was to protect the interests and unity of our country and equality among races was second. The significance of this letter is that it serves as an important piece of information that provides one with extended insight into the fundamental principle of Jeffersonian philosophy. It gives one valuable insight and illuminates the importance of the erudite political and social thought of America’s most influential and intellectual philosopher. Although he was not an eloquent public speaker and an unpopular figure in his time, by establishing schools, championing social equality, and reshapi ng our government, his contributions to our society and government are very clear to us today. Citation Onuf, Peter S.The mind of Thomas Jefferson Charlottesville :  University of Virginia Press,  2007. Cogliano, Francis D.. Thomas Jefferson :  reputation and legacy. Charlottesville :  University of Virginia Press,  2006. Chuck Braman. â€Å"The Political Philosophy of John Locke and Its Influence on the Founding Fathers and the Political Documents They Created† Political Philosophy. 1996. Web. Morton Borden. â€Å"Thomas Jefferson† The American Revolution. 2004. Web. Martin Kelly. â€Å"Thomas Jefferson Biography – Third President of the United States† American History. 2003. Web. Jefferson, Thomas. Notes on the State of Virginia. 4. University of Virginia Library: 1784. 263-270. Print. This essay on Thomas Jefferson’s Notes on the State of Virginia was written and submitted by user Scott Villarreal to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How To Use the Two German Past Tenses

How To Use the Two German Past Tenses Although both English and German use the  simple past tense  (Imperfekt) and the  present perfect tense  (Perfekt) to talk about past events, there are some major differences in the way each language uses these tenses. If you need to know more about the structure and grammar of these tenses, see the links below. Here we will focus on when and how to use each past tense in German. The Simple Past  (Imperfekt) Well start with the so-called simple past because its simple. Actually, its called simple because its a one-word tense (hatte,  ging,  sprach,  machte) and isnt a compound tense like the present perfect (hat gehabt,  ist gegangen,  habe gesprochen,  haben gemacht). To be precise and technical, the  Imperfekt  or narrative past tense refers to a past event that is not yet fully completed (Latin  perfect), but I have never seen how this applies to its actual use in German in any practical way. However, it is sometimes useful to think of the narrative past as being used to describe a series of connected events in the past, i.e., a narrative. This is in contrast to the present perfect described below, which (technically) is used to describe isolated events in the past. Used less in conversation and more in print/writing, the simple past, narrative past, or imperfect tense is often described as the more formal of the two basic past tenses in German and it is found primarily in books and newspapers. Therefore, with a few important exceptions, for the average learner it is more important to recognize and be able to read the simple past than to use it. (Such exceptions include helping verbs such as  haben,  sein,  werden, the modal verbs, and few others, whose simple past tense forms are often used in conversation as well as written German.) The German simple past tense may have several English equivalents. A phrase such as, er spielte Golf, can be translated into English as: he was playing golf, he used to play golf, he played golf, or he did play golf, depending on the context. As a general rule, the farther south you go in German Europe, the less the simple past is used in conversation. Speakers in Bavaria and Austria are more likely to say, Ich bin in London gewesen, rather than Ich war in London. (I was in London.) They view the simple past as more aloof and cold than the present perfect, but you should not be overly concerned about such details. Both forms are correct and most German-speakers are thrilled when a foreigner can speak their language at all! Just remember this simple rule for the simple past: it is used mostly for narration in books, newspapers, and written texts, less in conversation. Which brings us to the next German past tense... The Present Perfect  (Perfekt) The present perfect is a compound (two-word) tense formed by combining an auxiliary (helping) verb with the past participle. Its name comes from the fact that the present tense form of the auxiliary verb is used, and the word perfect, which, as we mentioned above, is Latin for done/completed. (The  past perfect  [pluperfect,  Plusquamperfekt] uses the simple past tense of the auxiliary verb.) This particular German past tense form is also known as the conversational past, reflecting its primary use in conversational, spoken German. Because the present perfect or conversational past is used in spoken German, it is important to learn how this tense is formed and used. However, just as the simple past is not used exclusively in print/writing, neither is the present perfect used only for spoken German. The present perfect (and past perfect) is also used in newspapers and books, but not as often as the simple past. Most grammar books tell you that the German present perfect is used to indicate that something is finished at the time of speaking or that a completed past event has results that continue into the present. That can be useful to know, but it is more important to recognize some of the major differences in the way the present perfect is used in German and English. For instance, if you want to express, I used to live in Munich in German, you can say, Ich habe in Mà ¼nchen gewohnt. - a completed event (you no longer live in Munich). On the other hand, if you want to say, I have lived/have been living in Munich for ten years, you cant use the perfect tense (or any past tense) because youre talking about an event in the present (you are still living in Munich). So German uses the present tense (with  schon seit) in this situation: Ich wohne schon seit zehn Jahren in Mà ¼nchen, literally I live since ten years in Munich. (A sentence structure that Germans sometimes mistakenly use when going from German to English!) English-speakers also need to understand that a German present perfect phrase such as, er hat Geige gespielt, can be translated into English as: he has played (the) violin, he used to play (the) violin, he played (the) violin, he was playing (the) violin, or even he did play (the) violin, depending on the context. In fact, for a sentence such as, Beethoven hat nur eine Oper komponiert, it would only be correct to translate it into the English simple past, Beethoven composed only one opera, rather than the English present perfect, Beethoven has composed only one opera. (The latter incorrectly implies that Beethoven is still alive and composing.)

Discussion Question Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Question - Assignment Example This situation was an indication of how interest rates and the real estate market play a central role in determining the performance of the economy and its welfare over time (Wiedemer, 2006). The 2008 global financial crisis paced the world economy between a rock and a hard place. Its effects spread across the world quite fast, making many countries worse off in the entire world. The crisis resulted from various reasons, but the casing point is that the world’s major economies greatly contributed to this crisis. The export-import business worsened as major world currencies became unstable and of low value, worsening international trade at the time. Interest rates and foreign exchange markets were hardly hit (Gossman, 2008). Poverty around the world persisted as unemployment conditions worsened the dependency ratio around the world. Current development and trends in economics are depicting a scenario of dynamism day in day out. Major economic issues that are likely to be discussed in this course 19 years from now pertain to employment, unemployment and globalization. Employment and unemployment are taking a new direction each day. Chances and opportunities of employment are shrinking every year, resulting in high unemployment levels and high dependency ratio. The situation of the two in the year 2030 will portray attributes that will capture the world’s interest. On the other hand, globalization is likely to convert the world into a global village in a more extent manner than it is the case

I Search for the American Dream Speech or Presentation

I Search for the American Dream - Speech or Presentation Example As the paper highlights  there are many theories and statistics connected to this topic, some he is familiar with and most the reporter is not.   What he does know is that in the course of his life he does want to attain a reasonable amount of success. The reporter's main interest for   his life is Interior Design, but no business can succeed without the correct mindset. Ethics like hard work, discipline and the belief that race and religion aren’t a factor in all that is necessary to become successful in what is considered to be one of the most prosperous countries in the world, this is the American Dream.   It is a dream that requires blind faith in the American government, a trust in the virtues of others, and faith in one’s self.   It is also a dream that whether one wants to believe it or not, most people adopt.  This speech stresses that  the ideals this dream expects people to adhere to are based on a mythological America.   The question the repor ter poses in this research paper is whether or not actual success, in America, is based mostly on a blind and devout belief in the ideals of the American Dream, or if this dream is just another tools used by those in power to impede the success of other’s and maintain their own personal wealth?  How successful are most of those who promote the ideals embodied by the American Dream?  It is Harlon L. Dalton’s belief that Horatio Alger’s writings, during the mid to late 1800’s, promoted a destructive myth that overlooked the realities of society.  ... Article 1 It is Harlon L. Dalton's belief that Horatio Alger's writings, during the mid to late 1800's, promoted a destructive myth that overlooked the realities of society. Dalton specifically targets Alger's story Ragged Dick, about a young man who devoutly works his way up the American corporate ladder slowly succeeding based on his merit. Dalton feels the myth implied by this is that the American dream is accessible to all those who are willing to work for it. Alger has been a highly acclaimed writer in American culture, and the popularity of his work partly suggests that most Americans have an inherent belief in this myth. If this mindset is a part of the mental tapestry of America, and it is as destructive as Dalton claims it to be, it would mean that American's are inherently delusional. One might argue that this is only the problem of the minorities in this country, but Dalton protests that part of the want for most Americans to believe in this myth is fueled by a white discomfort with addressing the reality of a racial problem in America. He identifies this when he says, By interring the myth of Horatio Alger, or at least forcing it to coexist with social reality, we can accomplish two important goals. First, we can give the lie to the idea that Black people can simply lift themselves up by their own bootstraps. With that pesky idea out of the way it is easier to see why White folk need to take joint ownership of the nation's race problem (Dalton) This idea of dual ownership for racial injustice is a concept Dalton feels most whites avoid and is a concept we see on many occasions being played out by the media in daily society. There are many real life examples of the destructive nature of

Characterization of clytemnestra. I will need the works cited Essay

Characterization of clytemnestra. I will need the works cited - Essay Example As a talented playwright, Aeschylus skillfully reversed her roles to those of male characters in ancient Greece. Apart from been depicted as an authoritative and dominating woman, she is also depicted as vengeful wife and a troubled wronged mother. Due to hear strength, she skillfully and willfully gains her success of revenging against her husband. Aeschylus used her as symbol of versatility and courage within the male dominated Greek society, since it was very hard for a woman of time to exhibit such influence and authority. A character like Clytemnestra’s requires clever and calculated handling especially when one reflects on the play’s setting of Greek society in mind hence Aeschylus must have developed her with a lot of skill. She is introduced to the reader, following her husband’s murder of Iphigeni, her daughter. Agamemnon, her husband had sacrificed Iphigeni to goddess Artemis so as to have favorable winds in the journey to troy. The sacrifice greatly angered her and she made a decision to revenge upon her husband’s return. Later on, she succeeds in her revenge by killing her husband and his concubine, Cassandra. The elder see her as untrustworthy but had not suspected she would go ahead to murder her husband. She talks using plain words that have very deep hidden meaning to the individuals around her (Winnington 133). Her courage is depicted when she alludes to undertake the murder plan without fearing being detected. In fact, her character is so strong that, only the audience can easily read her motives. Clytemnestra is portrayed as a cunning woman. She managed to coax Agamemnon into submission. Her hopes in requesting him to walk over the rich purple tapestries is get support of the angered gods in her murder plan. She manages to convince him to accept her offer by cunningly challenging him to prove his manhood. In this case, she actually calls him

Has ASEAN Been Successful In Promoting Security Politics Essay

Has ASEAN Been Successful In Promoting Security Politics Essay ASEAN has been successful because its members have a very strong commitment to cooperation. Cooperation for the benefit of all and cooperation for the stability and peace of the region. This is a very importance hallmark of ASEAN Tun Abdullah bin Hj. Ahmad Badawi INTRODUCTION History of the Establishment of Asean 1. ASEAN officially declared its establishment on August 8, 1967  [1]  . So far ten countries have been a member of ASEAN which are Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore, Brunei, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar and Cambodia  [2]  . Establishment of the ASEAN is to create a new organization that will share a common vision in building the nation, reaffirm bilateral and multilateral relations as a way of solving regional tensions.  Establishment of the ASEAN is based on the needs and interests with countries to generate regional security and cooperation between the countries involved.  Knowing that all the ASEAN countries have a similar background; it will be able to perform its role as a forum to be able to develop economic, social and regional stability. 2. For many years, Southeast Asia or ASEAN countries also had witnessed the competition of major powers in their quest to either establish military bases or influence in the region. Countries like United States, Soviet Union, China, Japan and India were taking over the dominance of faded powers of British, France and the Dutch in this area. Besides the intervention of major powers, the Southeast Asia nation also faced their own regional issues. The security problems became even worse with the domestic problems faced by most of the countries in the region. Revolutions, subversion, secession struggles, military coup, terrorism and communist threat were some forms domestic problems faced by the nations which became a hindrance factors for these nations to develop smoothly. Though Thailand was the only country that did not experienced any form of colonization, yet it also faced some domestic problems and got entangled in the regional disputes. 3. This essay is to discuss whether ASEAN has substantially contributed to regional peace and stability in South East Asia and does the assiociation represent a long term alternative to balance of power strategies, or a complement to such? Has ASEAN Substantially Contributed to Regional Peace and Stability in South East Asia? Regionalism Issues 4. The regionalism issue has becoming one of the hottest topics in the field of International Relations today. It was caused by the expanding global economy and political influence of a few powerful nations. The strategies of how the individual countries choose to form regional organisations, more importantly, the administration of the organisation will show how well the regional organization relates to the rest of the world. The success or failure of this regional relationship will greatly impact the future of the member nations and the degree to which they will ultimately become productive members of the global community. Referring to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) the nations of Southeast Asia (SEA) have chosen to ally themselves with one another so that the collective security and economic well being of the region may be stabilised and well developed. Strategic Stability 5. Strategic stability can be define as a condition where policy maker do not face unavoidable pressure to make sudden shift from non violent to violent strategies, in the process precipitating wars that they neither anticipate nor want. 6. Strategic stability influenced by: a. Geographical issues such as the contesting over access to resources like water and oil claims. b. Culture issues such as conflict in historical background between countries. c. Military Strategic Consideration. d. Domestic Political Pressure. Background of Internal Issues within the ASEAN Countries 7. Regional relations among ASEAN countries are in a satisfactory level with the various forms of cooperation among member countries.  With the creation of the ASEAN forum in 1967, member countries have been dealing with any problem with good and satisfactory.  However there are still some problems involving the member countries that have not successfully resolved.  There are among the problems that were refered to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) to enable disputes resolved by a neutral body that was assigned to solve the problem in peace. Bilateral problems are said to challenge the ability and immunities of the family relationship between ASEAN member countries where most issues or conflicts are remnants of ancient history.  Apart from that, the internal problem of ASEAN is also expected to be one cause of threat to internal stability and also has a tendency to spread out from their respective national borders. There were many problems among ASEAN members,  howev er for the purpose of this essay; I will highlight a few problems that are considered as big issue such as borders conflict, the issue of organized transnational crime and arms race. Borders Conflict Issues 8. Malaysia and Thailand.This border conflict has long existed since immemorial time.  Since 1824 until 1851, states in the north and the east coast of Malaya like Kelantan, Terengganu, Perlis and Kedah were under the rule of the Siamese.  However in 1904, under the Treaty of the Anglo-Siamese, Siamese Government has given the authorities of protection, administration and control over these four states to the British.  Together with the treaty is the Treaty Protocol that describes a new border between Siam and the British in Malaya at that time  [3]  .  However, problems still exist that the actual demarcation of the border between Malaysia and Thailand where it is still not have a solution, especially in Kelantan border area involving Golok.  It is afraid that this situation may cause problems in future when land development to be implemented in the area, especially near the river. 9. The other major issue that occurred at the border are activities of Separator Islamic guerrilla movement in southern Thailand, especially in the Pattani and Narathiwat.  These groups consist of a Patani United Liberation Organition (PULO), Pattani Liberation National Front (BNPP) and National Revolution Front (BRN).  PULO believed to receive financial assistance from the military and radical Arab regime in Syria and Libya.  PULO reportedly established cooperation with the BNPP which is one of the oldest Muslim separatist groups but have a lack of influence.  BNPP which is the Islam konsevatif group reportedly has close relationship with the Parti Islam Se-Malaysia (PAS) which is currently ruled Kelantan at the east coast of Malaysia.  BNPP influence has decreased since the death of Naser Tunku Yala in 1977.  This is all due to loss of spiritual leadership for 30 years before and the defeat of PAS in Kelantan during the elections in 1978.  After that the group has bee n operating in the area of Ban Panare, Pattani under the new leadership who is Badri Hamdan the university graduates from West Asia and Samsudin Abdul Ghani from Egypt  [4]  .  Thailand Government leaders often do not feel satisfied with the support of the Kelantanese to the Patani people at that time.   10. Military Cooperation. Various efforts have been established in order to overcome and reduce the tension for example by enhancing the military cooperation between both countries.  Among the efforts that have been and are being implemented are as follows: a. Border Patrol.   A form of border cooperation has been established since 1979.  As a result of the declaration of borders cooperation, joint border patrol between the Malaysia and Thailand army has been held until now. This has reduced tension on the border conflict between the two countries.  In addition, this operation also helps in restraining the activities of the rebellion group from spreading to the Malaysian border.  This cooperation has also brought much success to curb smuggling of people, goods and illegal border crossing activities.  As a result, this bilateral cooperation has increased the mutual trust between the two countries. b. Joint Training. Among the training that have been and are being held continouesly are collective military training, individual training and seminars.  Military training as Exercise THAMAL between Malaysia/ Thailand organize every year in order to reduce the tension in border conflict.  Through the training it is also hope that they will be a deep understanding regarding the bilateral military cooperation between both countries. c. Meeting The Highest Military Leaders. Visits and conference between the higher levels of leadership from both Ministry of Defense always conducted every year. This approach has contribute to closer relationship, mutual understanding and respect between each other.   Any sensitive issues can be solved together wisely to avoid any military action. In the 24th High Level Committee Malaysia- Thailand both the military leader agreed that criminal and illegal activities in border area have been decreased  [5]  . On 9 Dec 2009 Prime Minister of Malaysia as request by the Prime Minister of Thailand has made a joint visit to the unstable region in southern Thailand.  The purpose of the visit is to win the heart and mind of the people in that area.   This effort shows how ASEAN countries are concerned about bilateral cooperation in solving problems between countries in the region as well as to increase the trust between each others  [6]  . 11. Malaysia and Indonesia. Boundary problem between Malaysia and Indonesia exists only in East Malaysia, covering Sabah and Sarawak. A very long border between Sabah, Sarawak and Indonesia is very difficult to be mark.  The thick forests and a lot of mountains make it difficult to be entered by anyone and become a big challenge for the border surveyors from both countries. As a result of the absence of stone boundary that separates between Sabah and Sarawak to Kalimantan has allowed the entry of illegal immigrants from Indonesia to Malaysia without any problems as well as the smuggling activities. 12. All these illegal activities become a very sensitive issue discussed in the Malaysia-Indonesia Boundary Committee and affected the relationship between both countries. Less enforcement by the Indonesian authorities has lead to the increasingly smuggling and illegal logging activities. Stealing of the logging equipments such as bulldozers of the Malaysian workers by the Indonesian has become a normal phenomena for them without thinking about their actions could cause conflict between the two countries.  All these illegal activities will continue as long as the boundary problem is not resolved. 13. Thai and Cambodia. Issue between the two countries are at the boundary of Range Dang Reo. Inaccuracies in the marking of the border along Reo Dang River between 1905 and 1917 have caused disputes between Thailand and Cambodia in 1958. This argument is due to the Angkor Wat Temple Preah Vihear, located at the border between the two countries. The conflict arised because of the different border area from the map that produced by the France and the one that with the Cambodian. Thailand which has occupied the area since 1945 refused to give any response raised by the French and Cambodia about the border. Thailand has insisted that the map prepared by one parties only and are not published. Finally in 1962, it has been successfully resolved by the ICJ and Cambodia won the case  [7]  .   14. However, the conflicts between the two countries flared again in 2008 involving both military forces which at first caused at least two Cambodian soldiers died and wounded seven Thais soldiers. This issue arised when Cambodia applied to UNESCO for Preah Vihear Temple to be list in UNESCO World Heritage List  [8]  . Organised Transnational Crime 15. The concept of transnational crime actually took place more than a quarter century ago. Transnational organized crime has become a big issue in the international arena  [9]  .  Transnational means the movement of the information, money, physical goods, people or things that are visible or not visible across state boundaries when at least one actor involved in the non-governmental movement  [10]  .  According to the UN Secretariat, transnational crime has been defined as offences whose inception, prevention and / or direct or indirect effects involved more than one country  [11]  .  When we talk about the concept of `Transnational Crime, it is a criminal activity or activities undertaken by a planned crime organisation which lead to a criminal ofences of two or more countries  [12]  . Transnational Crime or Organized Crime involves many crimes activities; that occur around the world that ASEAN countries are also cannot escape from being drawn into the same a ctivity. The activities have been occurring from time to time without any signs of activity undertaken to decrease. It involves criminal activity quite popular such as smuggling of goods, drugs, weapons and human beings. Those who commit criminal activities are growing increasingly clever and brave to carry out criminal activities.  Economic recovery among ASEAN countries after the economic crisis from 1996 to 1998 was greatly influenced this activity and has helped expand transnational crime all over Southeast Asia. In 1994, the UN Secretariat has identified 18 categories of transnational crime in the world  [13]  which of the major transnational criminal activities that hit ASEAN countries are smuggling goods, drugs and people.   16. Drug Smuggling. Drug trafficking business becomes a challenge to the economy growth within ASEAN country. It is not only a major source of Centre of Money Lender but also lead to the cause of war, murder and others criminal offences  [14]  . This illegal activity is very difficult to be contain totally even though various method such as strict checks at all border entry point implemented in ASEAN country. Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Cambodia known as the `Golden Triangle is a nest of the largest drug producer in the region. Based on the studies conducted by U.S. government found that Myanmar still remains the largest opium producer in the world  [15]  with production rate said to increase by 9 percent in the mid-1990s. Not less than 2,560 tons of opium has been produced by the country  [16]  . Therefore, it is difficult to eliminate drug trafficking activities as long as the situation continues.   17. Human Trafficking. Human smuggling crimes have become a very popular activity since a long time where it deals with a lot of money. According to the study conducted by `Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, it was estimated that 4 million people each year have been smuggled across the world  [17]  .  International associations paying less attention to the efforts of monitoring individuals to enter the country illegally compare with the group smuggling activities  [18]  . Countries that have a strong economic position, such as Malaysia and Singapore become a major destination for human smuggling activities. The smuggling agents willing to faced high risks to do the activities because they can get payment between RM 2,000.00 to RM 4,800.00 per person  [19]  . 18. Smuggling Goods. ASEAN countries can be seen in two contacts; the countries that have high income rates for example Malaysia, Brunei and Singapore and countries that have low income rates for example Indonesia, Myanmar and Vietnam. The goods in high income rates countries are more expensive than the countries that have low incomes rates. This factor has encouraged smugglers to take high risks in smuggling activities. The smuggling activities of cars from Malaysia to Thailand, Singapore and Indonesia have been successfully reduced not long ago. The smuggling of cigarettes from Indonesia still exists because of the high demand. Clove cigarettes worth million of dollars was confiscated by the customs of Malaysia in 1998 (Table 1)  [20]  . Ser Month Total Cases Quantity Price (RM) Tax (RM) 1. January 4 909.11 kg 215,660.00 578,510.20 2. February 4 9,558.2 kg 569,680.00 1,857,984.04 3. March 9 2,749.115 kg 210,013.65 545,082.69 4. April 2 1,690.44 kg 17,756.00 16,167.10 5. May 2 209.52 kg 12,060.00 14,489.73 6. June 3 3,865.95 kg 273,920.00 761,315.77 7. July 4 7,057.2 kg 463,320.00 1,377,921.19 8. August 8 3,452.27 kg 226,514.00 766,095.15 9. September 6 9,884.83 kg 704,920.00 1,947,847.13 10. October 11 3,619.82 kg 225,598.00 698,551.63 11. November 11 4,667.88 kg 276,490.00 1,008,555.98 12. December 13 5,816.61 kg 386,510.00 1,407,840.77 Total 77 53,480.95 3,582,441.65 10,980,361.38 Table 1: Cigarettes Confiscated by the Customs of Malaysia in 1998 19. Arms Race Issues. Are there any arms race issues within ASEAN countries? According to Colin Gray, there are four basic conditions to be considered as arms race which are: a. There must be two or more parties, conscious of their antagonism. b. They must structure their armed forces with attention to the probable effectiveness of the forces in combat with, or as a deterrent to, the other arms race participants. c. They must compete in term of quantity and quality. d. There must be rapid increases in quantity and/or improvements in quality  [21]  . 20. The momentum of military build up among the ASEAN countries increased in the 1980s and 1990s, however since the financial crisis in 1997 the force modernisation has slowing down  [22]  except for Singapore that has less affected in the crisis and continued its military build up. A few reason of why the process of equisition of military equipment within ASEAN country still continueing eventhough in a slow manner is because of to protect economic resources, requirement for EEZ surveillance and protection, inter state tension in the region, internal security caused by the terrorism threat for example after the Sep 11 incident in US and conflict between Thailand Government and the rebellions from the southern part of the state. Based on the study,  [23]  it is identified that non of the process of military modernisation comply with the conditions stated by Colin Gray. There is no ASEAN country that has a really serious conflict between one another. The border crisis between T hailand and Cambodia which flared in 2008 anyway still can be resolved where both countries still concern the importance of the relationship between ASEAN countries. Force modernisation in Southeast Asia can be considered as arms build-up rather than arms race. Does the Assiociation Represent a Long Term Alternative to Balance Of Power Strategies, or a Complement to Such? 21. For this question I will highlight the platform that has been established by ASEAN such as the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) and East Asia Summit (EAS) and the external cooperation between ASEAN and major power outside the region. 22. Establishment of ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF). ASEAN countries agreed with the iniative to establish ARF in the 26th ASEAN Ministerial Meeting and Post Ministerial Conference which were held on 23 to 25 July 1993. Then the inaugural meeting held in Bangkok on July 1994. The objectives of ARF are: a. To fster constructive dialougue and consultation on political and security ssues of common interest and concern. b. To make significant contributions to effort towards confidence building and preventive diplomacy in the Asia Pacific region  [24]  . The current importance members of ARF are US, China, India, Japan, European Union and Republic of Korea. To build confidence and the capability to cooperate, the ARF also conducts such cooperative multilateral activities such as observation of military exercises, exchanges between defence colleges, joint training and exercises in search-and-rescue and disaster relief, and the maintenance of a registry of conventional arms. Latest in the 16th ARF that has been conducted in Thailand on 23 July 2009 has come out with a vision statement for ARF by 2020 which focus on to building a region of peace, friendship and prosperity. In year 2009 also, ARF has conducted a lot of conference, dialogue and seminar regarding national threat such as terrorism and transnational crime, maritime security and law and regulation on the participation in International Disaster Relief. In promoting mutual assurance, the ARF has proven its value in three stages evolution from confidence building, preventive dip lomacy and for the longer term is the approaches to conflict resolution. 23. The Establishment of East Asia Summit (EAS). The first EAS was held in Kuala Lumpur on 14 Dec 2005. The members of the EAS are the ten of ASEAN countries, Australia, Peoples Republic of China, India, Japan, Republic of Korea ad New Zealand. EAS was held as part of the overall ASEAN meeting  [25]  . In the first meeting, the discussion emphasized more towards on developing communication among the members and based on the Kuala Lumpur Declaration on the EAS indicated that it will be a forum for dialogue on broad strategic, political and economic issues of common interest and concern and with the aim similar to the ARF which is to promote peace, stability and economic prosperity in EAST Asia  [26]  . It was also stated in the Kuala Lumpur declaration that EAS will be an open, inclusive, transparent and outward-looking forum to strengthen global norms and universal recognized values with ASEAN as the driving force  [27]  . Since the establishment in 2005 till 2009 most of the discussion focus on desease prevention such as avian influenza issue and energy security issue which focus more towards the environment and health problems. Latest in 28th Aug 2008 the AEM+6 has been launch and then established the Economic Reasearch Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA) which the purpose of establishment was to identified the best way of economic integration, narrowing development gaps between members and how the energy development can sustain for long term  [28]  . External Cooperation between ASEAN and Major Power Outside the Region 24. ASEAN and Japan. ASEAN and Japan first established informal relations in 1973. The ties were later formalised with the establishment of the ASEAN-Japan Forum in March 1977. Since then, the ASEAN-Japan Forum has met once every 18-24 months. In early August 1977, the Japanese Prime Minister H.E. Mr. Takeo Fukuda met with the ASEAN Heads of Government at the Second ASEAN Summit in Kuala Lumpur. The Japanese Prime Minister H.E. Mr. Noboru Takeshita met with his ASEAN counterparts in Manila during the Third ASEAN Summit in December 1987. At the meeting, ASEAN and Japan announced a new partnership toward peace and prosperity. Japan has been ASEANs top trading partner for many years. In 1993, two-way trade between Japan and ASEAN amounted to nearly US$87 billion and in 1996, it rose to US$109.0 billion, representing nearly 21% of ASEANs total external trade. On the other hand, Japans trade with ASEAN accounted for about 15% of her total external trade. A unique feature of ASEAN-Japan co operation is the ASEAN Promotion Centre on Trade, Investment and Tourism in Tokyo. The Centre was set up in 1981 under the Agreement Establishing the ASEAN Promotion Centre on Trade, Investment and Tourism between ASEAN Member Countries and Japan. It is jointly funded by contributions from Japan and ASEAN Member Countries. In January 2002, Japanese Prime Minister Junichiru Koizumi visited a number of ASEAN countries and proposed several new initiatives for cooperation.   These include the designation of 2003 as the Year of ASEAN-Japan Exchange, reinforced cooperation in education and HRD, solidifying the security relations between Japan and ASEAN, the ASEAN-Japan Comprehensive Economic Partnership (CEP), and the Initiative for Development in East Asia:   IDEA.   Consultations to carry out these initiatives are proceeding. The recent establishment of the Japan-ASEAN General Exchange Fund (JAGEF) has generated a number of cooperation activities in support of greater ASEAN integration.   ASEAN and United States. After the demise of the Cold War, though in a reduced scale, increased US economic interests in the region is an important factor for her in maintaining its military presence in the region. The US presence in the region can become a stabilizing factor only if its military presence can be retained and its economic and political presence is accepted.  [29]  The US participates in a series of consultative meetings with ASEAN which includes the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF), the Post Ministerial Conferences (PMC) 9+1 and 9+10, the ASEAN Economic Minister-US Trade Representatives (AEM-USTR), the Senior Economic Officials Meeting-US Trade Representatives (SEOM-USTR), the ASEAN-US Dialogue Meeting, the Joint Planning Committee(JPC) Meeting and the ASEAN-US Business Council. The ASEAN-Washington Committee also assist in conducting and maintaining the dialogue with the US. The ASEAN-US Dialogue has also focused more and more on political and security discussions over the years, particularly with the end of the Cold War. The principle focus of the ASEAN-US security dialogue has been the role of the US in maintaining stability in the region. ASEAN and the US have signed a Joint Declaration for Cooperation to Combat International Terrorism on 1 August 2002 in Bandar Seri Begawan. ASEAN and China. Until the 1980s China had largely neglected its claims, preoccupied with more pressing defence demands and lacking in any case the military resources to intervene in the area. As a result, during much of the Cold War, the massive expanse of the South China Sea acted as a sort of buffer zone between ASEAN and China, largely preventing direct contact between their respective forces. At present, all the countries concerned investing heavily in forces to defend their claims, in some cases encouraged by the Law of the Sea, and with growing speculation as to the value of the resources contained in the area, the South China Sea has been transformed into a zone of contention and possible conflict.  [30]   Singapores Senior Minister Lee Kwan Yew warned that unless this issue is resolved in a sensitive way, the present friendly relations between ASEAN and China could revert to the awkward relations of the decade when China supported guerrilla insurgencies in many ASEAN countries.  [31]  In July 1996, China was accorded full Dialogue Partner status at the 29th AMM in Jakarta, Indonesia. The Chinese Vice Premier and Minister of Foreign Affairs H.E. Mr. Qian Qichen attended the meeting as a representative of a Dialogue Partner of ASEAN for the first time.It is hoped that the new generation of leaders in China will allow a more open and pluralistic system to develop and, thus, will enable China to become an integral part of the international community of nations. As a major power in the Asia-Pacific region that possesses nuclear weapons and has adopted a non-aligned posture, China has a unique and important position in regional efforts to promote regional stability. It has become extre mely active and more positive in regional multi-lateral institutions, such as the ARF, CSCAP and the ISIS Roundtable on Peace and Security in the Asia-Pacific for the past years. For ASEAN, this is a welcome development and hopefully the US would see it in the same way although a nuance may remain on the objectives of those regional institutions in

Greek Mythology should be taught in High School :: Persuasive Essay Ancient Greek Greece

Greek mythology is a compilation of the Ancient Greek stories that are based on their culture and practices. It's also about their gods and heroes, as well as their origins. Each of the Greek myths has a moral message through the stories that are written. It teaches us the good deeds and wrongdoing of the gods and goddesses, and how we, as a human being, should act. Thus, Greek mythology should be taught to high school students. There is something uniquely different about each of the Greek myth, each have their own message that it wants to deliver. Take the example of the Greek myth Athena and Arachne. This is the story of a young maiden that went against the goddess Athena because she thought that she was the best in the art of weaving. In the story, Athena herself was jealous of the maiden who was named Arachne because of her incredible skill. Because of her jealousy, she turns Arachne into a spider. From this story it is shown to us the poor quality of the goddess because god and goddesses should not be jealous especially of a mortal. Therefore the moral is that do not challenge someone who is better than you and also too many pride will lead to your downfall. Greek mythology has also been the origins of many objects and events of the world. An example is the Olympic games. The name Olympic was taken from Mount Olympus, believed to be the dwelling place of all the Greek gods and goddess. Another example would be Valentine?s Day. This special event is held on the fourteenth of February, Cupid is the Icon for this particular event. The Greek god of love and the son of Aphrodite symbolizes Valentine?s Day, this is because of the Greek myth where cupid fell deeply in love with a mortal. Another reason of why Greek mythology should be taught to high school students is that in high education Greek myth will be involved in the curriculum. Top university around the world involved Greek studies in their curriculum for example in Harvard, Oxford, Yale and other University. Students in high school also have the right to study Greek myth. No one has the right to restrict them from that right. The entire example I have given relates to my thesis statement that Greek mythology should be taught to high school student.

Law enforcement and women Essay

There has always been a stereotype separating men and women. Such as, women are not efficient enough to have a job in law enforcement and men are. Many people do not agree with this stereotype or have a different opinion towards it which can cause a disagreement between genders. The majority of people who disagree with women being in law enforcement are men. Morgan Summerfield, a yahoo contributor says, â€Å"Law enforcement has traditionally been a male dominated field and as such may have been slower than others to accept females into its ranks.† Men do not accept women in law enforcement because the believe women are the â€Å"weaker sex† (1) and belong at home with their children or attending to their family or house duties. Summerfield also says, â€Å" Male domination in law enforcement and the idea that force and strength are required, reinforces the belief that women are unable both physically and mentally to do the job.† Travis county, Texas, Sheriff Margo Fraiser disagrees. Fraiser says, â€Å"We’ve been learning our whole lives how to deal with things without having to resort to physical strength and physical violence. I think the thing we most bring in is the ability to handle situations without ever having to lay hands on.† Sure, women might be the â€Å"weaker sex† (Summerfield 1) when it comes to physical activity but that does not mean we can not be the â€Å"stronger sex† (Summerfield 1) in other aspects of law enforcement. Just as there are people who disagree with women in law Martinez 2 enforcement there are also people who believe women are capable of being good candidates for a role in law enforcement. Morgan Summerfield from yahoo contributor is one who sees both sides to this stereotype even though she disagrees in some ways she also agrees.  Summerfield says, â€Å"Women and law enforcement do mix, in fact they are a necessary, if sometimes missing, ingredient.† In support the Christopher commission agrees with Summerfield. The Christopher commission investigated the beating of Rodney G. King in 1991. In conclusion, they reported, â€Å"That women officers did not employ excessive force as often as their male counterparts. Male and Female officers interviewed for the report said they thought women were better skilled at defusing confrontations with suspects through verbal communication.† Due to the results of this investigation Mayor James K. Hahn agreed that women brought the department a good name. Hahn says, â€Å"I think for too many years we were trying to fight the battle with one arm tied behind our back. We weren’t taking advantage of the tremendo us number of qualified women who could make that contribution to the department.† There are many people who agree with women in law enforcement who are disappointed in the lack of female presence in law enforcement. They want females for a reason and that is because women do contribute something to law enforcement that men can not. That is the sense of understanding towards female victims. Atia Moazzema Shammi, from women feature scene says, â€Å"The lack of female presence in the law enforcement machinery is of significance since the police administration suggested recently that female police should investigate crimes of violence against women. In many cases, women victims are too shy to talk to the male policeman – a fact that comes in the way of fair investigation.† Even though there are people who believe women should not be allowed to have a job in law enforcement. They should mot base that on what men believe about women. If women are strong enough and meet the requirements for the job they should have the right to have a career in law enforcement. If women are just as passionate as men are in law enforcement, what makes them different? Besides, the opinions of others. As Hilda Munoz, from the Los Angeles Times says, â€Å"We want to have a few scarred knees; we’re going to fall down few times. We have a right to fail like males fail.† If males can fail at something they are good at or enjoy doing women should also be able to have the chance to fail. Women in law enforcement is always going to be a stereotype that might not be able to change. Men are always going to believe women are too weak or are not physically or mentally prepared for a job in law enforcement. There is also going to be those who see the qualities that women have and only women can bring to a job in law enforcement. There is always going to be many different views, thoughts, and opinions on women in law enforcement. Works Cited 1. Munoz, Hilda â€Å"ON THE LAW; Working to Get More Police Officers; Women have made significant progress in several levels, but their numbers in law enforcement remain disproportionally low: [Home Edition].† Los Angeles Times 30 May 2003: B2 . Print . 2. Shammi, Atia Moazzema â€Å"Feminising Law Enforcement.† Womens Feature Service 14 Jan 2002: (NP) . Print.